Lead-in

  1. Should Internet be censored? Why?
  2. Compare: Cyberbullying versus physical bullying.
  3. How may technological advancement be dangerous?
  4. How should children be protected online?

Presentation

Pre

  • Do you agree with the following quote? Why or why not?

“Privacy is not an option, and it shouldn’t be the price we accept for just getting on the Internet.”

Gary Kovacs

Top Down

  • What is the text mainly about? Read it and choose the best option.
  • Reasons not to use the internet
  • Reasons to use the internet
  • Pros and cons of Facebook
  • Pros and cons of social media
  • Reasons not to use the internet
  • Reasons to use the internet
  • Pros and cons of Facebook
  • Pros and cons of social media

   My generation grew up in an era not known for leaps in technological advances. The lack of fun, lithium-ion powered iThings forced us to engage in antiquated traditions like going outside, socializing or reading. On the upside, living offline allowed us to keep screw-ups to limited audiences. We also experienced less bullying, anxiety and depression than later peers.

   Today, we often perceive anyone who shuns social media as old or out of touch. However, they might be the most mentally fit among us. In reality, most people have little awareness of the frequency with which they check their phones. In a 2015 study, participants checked their phones an average of 85 times each day and spent 5.05 hours per day using their smartphone. This is concerning because several studies and researchers have associated social media with several psychiatric disorders, including depressive symptoms, anxiety and low self-esteem.

Consider these 9 notable pro and con stances regarding social media use.

PROS

  1. Messaging on social media sites can lead to face-to-face interactions when plans are made via the sites.
  2. Social media increases voter participation and facilitates political change.
  3. Social media helps reduce loneliness of senior citizens who are socially isolated.
  4. Social media allows for quick diffusion of public health and safety information during crisis events.
  5. The U.S. military and the Department of Veterans Affairs use social media to help prevent suicide.
  6. Social media can help disarm social stigmas like anxiety or depression.
  7. Crowd sourcing on social media allows people to attain a goal, empowering users to achieve positive change.
  8. Social media provides academic research to a wider audience, allowing people access to previously inaccessible educational resources.
  9. Social media sites can help improve overall well-being by providing users with a large social group creating a “contagion” effect.

CONS

  1. Social media posts cannot be entirely deleted.
  2. Social media can endanger our military, journalists and activists.
  3. Social media use is associated with personality and brain disorders.
  4. Students who are heavy social media users tend to have lower grades.
  5. Social media can exacerbate feelings of disconnect and put children at higher risk for anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, eating disorders and even suicide.
  6. Criminals can use social media to commit and promote crimes.
  7. Social media can be a drain on time and use up hours that you can’t get back.
  8. Advertising practices of social media sites may create an invasion of privacy.
  9. Social media use can cause personality and brain disorders, ADHD and self-centered personalities—particularly in youth.

   Clinical psychologist and author of The Teen Girl’s Survival Guide, Dr. Lucie Hemmen writes that, “Most people experience huge benefits from taking a social media break. There is a way in which cultivating and maintaining your online identity can replace an authentic connection to your true self. The more grounded you are in your authentic value as a human being, the less likely you are to be a heavy user of social media and also to be negatively affected by it.”

   For example, if you know that your value is deeper and more complex than what you post and how many likes and comments you receive, then you are probably social media resilient. The more grounded you are in your authentic value as a human being, the less likely you are to be a heavy user of social media and also to be negatively affected by it. 

   On the flipside, Dr. Hemmen adds that, “If you struggle with feelings of insecurity and find yourself putting a lot of time and effort into portraying yourself a particular way on social media, then you are more vulnerable and would benefit profoundly from regular breaks. You will have the space needed to move toward your true self.”

   Start by temporarily limiting your access. Challenge yourself to abstain from social media for a full week by removing Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and other social media platforms from your phone for a duration of time. Once the initial withdrawal anxiety subsides, take notice if you feel better or worse. Being offline might just be a vacation for you.

Modified from Source

Bottom Up

  • True or False?

Example: There are 10 cons. > False

  1. Social media helps to increase bullying, anxiety and depression.
  2. Most people are aware of the frequency with which they check their phones.
  3. Researchers have associated social media with several psychiatric disorders, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, eating disorders and low self-esteem.
  4. Social media is related to Schizophrenia.
  5. Students who use a lot social media tend to have lower grades.
  1. Social media helps to increase bullying, anxiety and depression. True.
  2. Most people are aware of the frequency with which they check their phones. False.
  3. Researchers have associated social media with several psychiatric disorders, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, eating disorders and low self-esteem. True.
  4. Social media is related to Schizophrenia. False.
  5. Students who use a lot social media tend to have lower grades. True.

Post

  • Which topics do you disagree with? Why?
  • What are the top 10 social media apps? What do you think about each one?
  • How much time a day do you spend on social media? 

Target Language

Talking to Someone You Haven’t Seen in a Long Time

  • It’s been so long, I hope you are doing fine! 

  • I wonder if you still hang out with those guys from high school. 

  • I assume that you got married and have kids on the way, am I right? 

  • You’d better be still going to church, son! 

  • You’re probably loving your new house, John. Aren’t you? 

  • You’ve probably graduated by now, haven’t you? 

Discourse Markers

Discourse markers are linking words and expressions used to signpost discourse in order to connect, organize and manage what we say or write.

  • It is a fact that…

  • Some people argue that…

  • It is often said that…

  • On the other hand…

  • However…
  • Nevertheless

  • In my view…

  • In my opinion…

Controlled Practice

  • Choose the best option to complete each sentence. There is one example.
  1. I hope you are back from the hospital and doing great. 
  2. We can’t take it seriously. People have probably already forgot / forgotten about it.
  3. However, it would make sense to assume that Joker must have / has been, to say the least, surprised at the turn of events.
  4. You’d better not be / be not wasting my time with politics, Miss Novak.
  5. I wonder if anyone / any of you remember the old story about an organist and his blower.
  6. Its Sunday so I have no qualms about posting a slow boring post, if you’re reading this today then you’re / you’ve probably bored too.
  1. I hope you are back from the hospital and doing great. 
  2. We can’t take it seriously. People have probably already forgotten about it.
  3. However, it would make sense to assume that Joker must have been, to say the least, surprised at the turn of events.
  4. You’d better not be wasting my time with politics, Miss Novak.
  5. I wonder if any of you remember the old story about an organist and his blower.
  6. Its Sunday so I have no qualms about posting a slow boring post, if you’re reading this today then you’re probably bored too.

Freer Practice

  • Use discourse markers to answer the following questions:
    • What does it mean to have freedom? Do laws and rules create restrictions or greater freedom?
    •  How do you give someone advice without telling them to just think and act as you would?
    • How would your life be hindered if you could read others’ minds? 
    • Who has had the greatest effect on your life?

Production

  • Create 7 sentences about things you would say to/ask an old friend you haven’t spoken in a long time. Use the Target Language.

Example: You’re probably married now, right?

Homework

Connect the words from the first column with the words from the second

Example: I wonder if… > I wonder if he still likes me.

  1. You know I always wonder about…

  2. He assumes that muscles with parallel fibers are more primitive, phylogenetically…

  3. If you’ve been hired to build a…

  4. But if you want to get your hands on…

  5. He has probably been investigating…

(   ) the kind of people who sit on these judges benches and pass judgment over people.

(   ) one of these Hampshire beach huts you’d better be prepared for a long wait.

(   ) the habits of the Australian aborigines.

(   ) shoplift-proof store, you’d better know how to shoplift.

(   ) than are those with fibers arranged pinnately.

  1. You know I always wonder about…

  2. He assumes that muscles with parallel fibers are more primitive, phylogenetically…

  3. If you’ve been hired to build a…

  4. But if you want to get your hands on…

  5. He has probably been investigating…

(1) the kind of people who sit on these judges benches and pass judgment over people.

(4) one of these Hampshire beach huts you’d better be prepared for a long wait.

(5) the habits of the Australian aborigines.

(3) shoplift-proof store, you’d better know how to shoplift.

(2) than are those with fibers arranged pinnately.

Match the words with their respective definitions. There is one example.

  1. However

  2. Nevertheless

  3. Argue

  4. Disorder

  5. Assume

(   ) Give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action, or theory, typically with the aim of persuading others to share one’s view.

(1) Used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something that has been said previously.

(   ) A condition characterized by lack of normal functioning of physical or mental processes.

(   ) Suppose to be the case, without proof.

(   ) In spite of that; notwithstanding; all the same.

  1. However

  2. Nevertheless

  3. Argue

  4. Disorder

  5. Assume

(3) Give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action, or theory, typically with the aim of persuading others to share one’s view.

(1) Used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something that has been said previously.

(4) A condition characterized by lack of normal functioning of physical or mental processes.

(5) Suppose to be the case, without proof.

(2) In spite of that; notwithstanding; all the same.

Using the words from the previous exercise, complete the sentences.

Example: When he said he loved me I ____ it was platonic love. > When he said he loved me I assumed it was platonic love.

  1. And I feel that under those conditions it will be necessary to ____ the existence of a god to start off life.
  2. The ____ is frequently diagnosed in children with behavioural problems or in those who underachieve at school.
  3. Some experts ____ that the deterrent effect of a punishment like caning is more potent than the current penal system.
  4. Most of the Antarctic ice sheet moves imperceptibly slowly but ____ surely.
  5. Always believing he could conquer his ailment, Lou had hopes, ____ slim, that others were writing him off too soon.
  1. And I feel that under those conditions it will be necessary to assume the existence of a god to start off life.
  2. The disorder is frequently diagnosed in children with behavioural problems or in those who underachieve at school.
  3. Some experts argue that the deterrent effect of a punishment like caning is more potent than the current penal system.
  4. Most of the Antarctic ice sheet moves imperceptibly slowly but nevertheless surely.
  5. Always believing he could conquer his ailment, Lou had hopes, however slim, that others were writing him off too soon.

Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

Example: faces / crisis / mental / proportions. / short, / a / illness / humanity / growing / epidemic / global / of / In > In short, humanity faces a growing global mental illness crisis of epidemic proportions.

  1. globalisation / or / is / in / that / to / too / through / coercion. / in / the / jeopardy / war / world / argue / put / China / Some / enmeshed / economy / now / people
  2. up / been / my / hadn’t / opinion, / avoided / driving / if / bumper / people / been / All, / could / have / the / car / in / of / the / in / front.
  3. he / other / was / away / and / temper, / in / me / I / from / hand, / could. / Damon, / saw / a / the / that / as / got / as / on / far
  4. to / he / show / of / sort / fact / would / back / congenital / liar. / then / The / have / that / doesn’t / he’s / inspectors / lied / some
  5. a / only / a / The / determined / serious / trial. / issue / creates / conflict / which, / view, / between / can / in / my / positions / the / properly / respective / after / be
  1. Some people argue that China is now too enmeshed in globalisation to put the world economy in jeopardy through war or coercion.
  2. All, in my opinion, could have been avoided if people hadn’t been driving up the bumper of the car in front.
  3. Damon, on the other hand, saw that I was in a temper, and got as far away from me as he could.
  4. The fact that he would have lied to inspectors back then doesn’t show he’s some sort of congenital liar.
  5. The conflict between the respective positions creates a serious issue which, in my view, can be determined properly only after a trial.

Which sentence is wrong? Find it and correct the mistakes.

  1. I like the science, and the effects, but the plot line is a little shallow, at least in my view.
  2. Refreshing in the fact that I saw old school friends, housemates, comrades, and others who I hadn’t seen in years.
  3. Beatles, on the other hand, keeps their hind wings well hidden under hard protective wing cases to protecting them as they forage for food.
  4. Aspects of patriarchy, in my opinion, have become co-opted by commercialism and corporatism.
  5. Then they argue that the world must have had an originator, and that he is one and incorporeal.
  1. I like the science, and the effects, but the plot line is a little shallow, at least in my view.
  2. Refreshing in the fact that I saw old school friends, housemates, comrades, and others who I hadn’t seen in years.
  3. Beetles, on the other hand, keep their hind wings well hidden under hard protective wing cases to protect them as they forage for food.
  4. Aspects of patriarchy, in my opinion, have become co-opted by commercialism and corporatism.
  5. Then they argue that the world must have had an originator, and that he is one and incorporeal.

Writing

Use discourse markers to give your opinion about the following:

  • Crime rate
  • Prejudice
  • illiteracy