Loads Of

Lead-in

  • Did you enjoy physical education classes in school?
  • Do you listen to music while you are exercising? What kind?
  • Do you have any exercise or fitness goals that you’d like to achieve one day?
  • Do you prefer cardiovascular exercise or weightlifting?

Presentation

Pre

  • When do you feel most energized? What do you like to do with that energy?

Top Down

  • According to the text, are reasons for being tired more related to psychological or biological? Read the text and find out.
  1. Psychological
  2. Biological
  3. Both are equal
  1. Psychological
  2. Biological
  3. Both are equal

About being tired

     We’re in the midst of an energy crisis. No, not that one. This one: We’re tired. So. Completely. Tired.
To paraphrase Aerosmith, it can often feel like your get up and go musta got up and went. It’s not just a matter of working too much and sleeping too little, though of course those are both big parts of it. It’s sometimes easy to pinpoint why you’re flagging by the afternoon — that weekend of partying, for instance — but sometimes the causes are more complicated.

     Here are some common contributors to that two o’clock feeling:

1. You’re not sleeping enough.
OK. So this one is kind of a gimme, but not for the reason you think. Sleep isn’t just about resting; there’s a lot going on inside while you’re conked out for the night. Case in point: human growth hormone. Growth hormone, a protein made by the pituitary gland, plays a role in making muscles healthy and bones strong. It affects how our bodies collect fat (especially around the stomach area) and it helps balance the ratio of good to bad cholesterol. It’s also essential for normal brain function. Not enough it of leads to fatigue, decreased strength and stamina, and depression symptoms. Since growth hormone is secreted primarily when we sleep, seven and a half or eight hours of high-quality shut-eye each night will help keep weight and pain down and boost up your energy.
 
2. You’re eating too much junk.
We think of sugar as a quick way to boost energy, but in the long run it does just the opposite. All those that end in -ose, like glucose, dextrose, maltose and sucrose, are just going to leave you sluggish. Research shows that fast food also puts you in biological slo-mo. Try this all-day energy meal plan, instead.

3. You’re not drinking enough water.
Many people can’t identify when their fatigue is due to dehydration. A glass of water may be the jolt you need, rather than sugar (see above). Drink as much HO as it takes to keep your mouth moist throughout the day. And remember this rule of thumb: Your pee should be light yellow to clear. If it’s brighter and darker yellow, you need to drink more water.

4. You’re low in vitamin B.
You need B vitamins for your mitochondria to turn glucose into energy. We can absorb B vitamins well in liquid or pill form, but 99 percent of us don’t get enough from our diets. Try taking a vitamin in the morning and evening. This will keep levels stable and get you energized, and there’s no harm in it since you’ll excrete any excess water-soluble vitamins.
If you’re having symptoms of low energy, check your vitamin B12 and D levels, and, in any case, have them checked annually. If you find you have the rare case of not absorbing them well into your intestine and stomach, you can get a B12 injection yearly.

5. You’ve got an infection.
Infection and inflammation can be two dominos in the low-energy cascade of symptoms. One of your goals could be to monitor your body so infections don’t linger. So what can you do? Floss regularly to lower your gum inflammation risk. Reduce sinusitis with a neti pot. With viral infections, frequent hand washing, sleeping and avoiding saturated fats and simple sugars can help.

Source

Bottom Up

  • True or False?

Example: We’re not in the midst of an energy crisis. > False

  1. Human growth hormone plays a role in making muscles healthy and bones strong, among other functions, and it’s secreted primarily when we are tired.
  2. Research shows that sugar puts you in biological slo-mo.
  3. Many people can’t identify when their exhaustion is due to dehydration.
  4. If your pee is dark yellow to clear you need to drink more water.
  5. B vitamins are responsible for your mitochondria turning glucose into energy.
  1. Human growth hormone plays a role in making muscles healthy and bones strong, among other functions, and it’s secreted primarily when we are tired. False
  2. Research shows that sugar puts you in biological slo-mo. True
  3. Many people can’t identify when their exhaustion is due to dehydration. True
  4. If your pee is dark yellow to clear you need to drink more water. False
  5. B vitamins are responsible for your mitochondria turning glucose into energy. True

Post

  • Can you think about some other reason to be tired?
  • What makes you tired?

Target Language

Quantifiers

With countable nouns, we use few and many. With uncountable nouns we use little and much. Bear in mind that there is a difference between little and a little. 

  • I don’t have many friends. 
  • I have few friends. 
  • I have a few good friends. 
  • My mom speaks a little French. 
  • I have little time to finish all my assignments. 
  • I don’t drink much wine. 
  • I drink little wine. 
  • There’s a little wine in the fridge. 

 We use a lot of, lots of, loads of, plenty of with both countable and uncountable nouns. 

  • Don’t worry, I’ve done it loads of times. 
  • I’ve got plenty of time left. 
  • Chris is worried because his family doesn’t have a lot of money. 
  • We had lots of fun at Rosa’s party. 

Indefinite Pronouns

These pronouns are used when we don’t know who the subject of a certain action is or when we simply don’t wish to refer to specific people.  

We treat these pronouns as a 3rd person singular, but when referring back to them we usually use they/their/them. 

  • Everyone has a smartphone nowadays. 
  • Anyone can learn how to speak English. 
  • Someone is knocking on the door. 
  • Nobody likes a know-it-all. 
  • Someone forgot their phone in the classroom.  

 

Body Language

Controlled Practice

  • Complete the sentences using “few“, “many“, “little” or “much“. 

Example: Fernando has only a ____ trophies to remind him of the glory of his athletic career. > Fernando has only a few trophies to remind him of the glory of his athletic career.

  1. Marcus often has to ask people to repeat themselves because he’s a ____ deaf. 
  2. The doctor assured me that the whole procedure would only take a ____ minutes.
  3. Their pace slowed as the fast waltz slowed to a two-step dance that didn’t require ____ movement.
  4. A small company with only a ____ products has grown to become a power in the industry.
  5. Flamengo made a ____ good trades this season and picked up some promising players.
  • Marcus often has to ask people to repeat themselves because he’s a little deaf. 
  • The doctor assured me that the whole procedure would only take a few minutes.
  • Their pace slowed as the fast waltz slowed to a two-step dance that didn’t require much movement.
  • A small company with only a few products has grown to become a power in the industry.
  • Flamengo made a few good trades this season and picked up some promising players.

Freer Practice

  • Complete the sentences according to your own ideas.
    • My best friend frowns when ____.
    • My teacher always ____ when ____.
    • Last weekend I had lots of ____.
    • My family has loads of ____.
    • I hate it when someone is ____.

Production

  • What kind of situation makes you…
    • Frown?
    • Shake your head?
    • Grin?
    • Roll your eyes?
    • Shrug your shoulders?
  • Example: I frown when I have to talk to someone I don’t like because…

Homework

Connect the words from the first column with their meanings. There is one example.

  1. Shrug

  2. Tap

  3. Roll

  4. Frown

  5. Grin

  6. Stroke

(   ) A movement in which someone or something turns or is turned over on itself.

(   ) To hit something gently, and often repeatedly, especially making short, sharp noises.

(6) An act of moving one’s hand across a surface with gentle pressure.

(   ) Smile broadly, especially in an unrestrained manner and with the mouth open.

(   ) Raise one’s shoulders slightly and momentarily to express doubt, ignorance, or indifference.

(   ) Form an expression of disapproval, displeasure, or concentration.

  1. Shrug

  2. Tap

  3. Roll

  4. Frown

  5. Grin

  6. Stroke

(3) A movement in which someone or something turns or is turned over on itself.

(2) To hit something gently, and often repeatedly, especially making short, sharp noises.

(6) An act of moving one’s hand across a surface with gentle pressure.

(5) Smile broadly, especially in an unrestrained manner and with the mouth open.

(1) Raise one’s shoulders slightly and momentarily to express doubt, ignorance, or indifference.

(4) Form an expression of disapproval, displeasure, or concentration.

Use the following words to complete the sentences. One word is not going to be used.

GRINNING – ROLLING EYES – TAPPING – PLENTY – SOMEONE – NOBODY – EVERYONE

Example: ____ was happy yesterday. > Everyone was happy yesterday. 

  1. Make sure there is ____ of room before the jump to reach the necessary speed.
  2. Sandra was now half way to the trunk when my mother hurled the screen door open and came capering up to us, ____ wildly.
  3. Her legs moved fast, ____ on the pads and somehow liking the rhythmic pounding of her feet.
  4. You could hook up with ____ else, but that would be adultery and adultery is wrong.
  5. If you see sidelong glances, ____ or other signs of distraction, it’s time to stop talking.
  1. Make sure there is plenty of room before the jump to reach the necessary speed.
  2. Sandra was now half way to the trunk when my mother hurled the screen door open and came capering up to us, grinning wildly.
  3. Her legs moved fast, tapping on the pads and somehow liking the rhythmic pounding of her feet.
  4. You could hook up with someone else, but that would be adultery and adultery is wrong.
  5. If you see sidelong glances, rolling eyes or other signs of distraction, it’s time to stop talking.

Choose the best option for each sentence.

Example: She roled / rolled her eyes at me. > She rolled her eyes at me.

  1. The couple said they will be organizing lot / lots of fundraising events over the coming year.
  2. Decent, unpretentious folks, somewhat new, but with lot / loads of money.
  3. There is plumbing for a dishwasher and a washing machine, and many / plenty of dining space.
  4. There is a lot of abuse, robery / robbery, corruption, crime and theft of our wealth.
  5. If anyone / no one has ever been abducted, can any of you abductees tell me what aliens eat?
  1. The couple said they will be organizing lots of fundraising events over the coming year.
  2. Decent, unpretentious folks, somewhat new, but with loads of money.
  3. There is plumbing for a dishwasher and a washing machine, and plenty of dining space.
  4. There is a lot of abuse, robbery, corruption, crime and theft of our wealth.
  5. If anyone has ever been abducted, can any of you abductees tell me what aliens eat?

Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

Example: fake / like / more / and / smile / feel / frowning. / even / you / when / laughter / So > So smile more and fake laughter even when you feel like frowning.

  1. a / out. / unscrews / base / Anyone / easily / blender / should / come / the / who / and / ever / the / understand / that / tines / cleaned / has
  2. is / I / to / think / because / not / is / violence. / brave / a / woman / she / everyone / sympathetic / domestic
  3. slaves / the / in / were / the / of / white / in / plenty / Carolinas. / There / particularly / South,
  4. of / lips / together / She / with / soap. / her / bar / the / pressed / and / herself / cleaning / began
  5. She / was / knew / about / I / when / entered / annoyed / room, / was / something. / she / frowning / so / that / the / she
  1. Anyone who has ever cleaned a blender should understand that the base easily unscrews and the tines come out.
  2. I think she is a brave woman because not everyone is sympathetic to domestic violence.
  3. There were plenty of white slaves in the South, particularly in the Carolinas.
  4. She pressed her lips together and began cleaning herself with the bar of soap.
  5. She was frowning when she entered the room, so I knew that she was annoyed about something.

Find and correct the mistakes.

Example: She was frawning. > She was frowning.

  1. Heaving a sigh, she pressed her slightly chapped lips together and begon to read.
  2. The purpose of sport was to provide fun activities during recreation time from which people could derive plents of pleasure, fun and enjoyment.
  3. So not everyone who called herself a fascist was one in the sense in which we are interested.
  4. Anyone who miss the bus for the return journey must make the long walk home.
  5. There was a lot of complainning and some quarreling from all involved.
  1. Heaving a sigh, she pressed her slightly chapped lips together and began to read.
  2. The purpose of sport was to provide fun activities during recreation time from which people could derive plenty of pleasure, fun and enjoyment.
  3. So not everyone who called themselves a fascist was one in the sense in which we are interested.
  4. Anyone who misses the bus for the return journey must make the long walk home.
  5. There was a lot of complaining and some quarreling from all involved.

Writing

Write about friends you have and their habits. Remember to use as much of the Target Language as possible.

Example: A friend of mine is always tapping her fingers and…