Lead-in

  • What are some of your habits?
  • What bad habits do you have? 
  • How difficult is it to get rid of a bad habit?
  • Have you been successful in getting rid of a bad habit?
  • What habits do you observe in your family members and friends? Do they bother you?
  • Do you think we are born with our bad habits? Or do we acquire them from the environment surrounding us?
  • How can we develop better habits?
  • What good habit do you think is the most difficult to acquire? Why?

How to form a new habit

Presentation

Pre

  • What is something you do as a habit since you were a kid? How do you feel about it?

Top Down

  • What is the text about? Read it and find out.
  • The importance of exercising
  • Healthy habits
  • A cultural and spiritual dance
  • The importance of religion
  • The importance of exercising
  • Healthy habits
  • A cultural and spiritual dance
  • The importance of religion

“I Have Been Dancing For 40 Years”

When one thinks about the rise of indigenous dance, “Egwu Amala and Egwu Otah”, in Asaba in the past four decades, the name ‘Nwaneamaka Adimkpaya’ comes to your mind. Nwaneamaka, who brought the spiritual dance to Asaba, is widely credited as Asaba’s foremost dancer, singer and choreographer. To her, dance is more than just art. It is very cultural and has spiritual significance embedded in its moves. Nwaneamaka, who doubles as a dance instructor and a sand dealer, has been dancing for so many years and has trained so many people in cultural dance profession. In this interview with LUCY EZELIORA in her Umuda village of Asaba, Delta State, she spoke about her passion for dancing and her love for culture and traditions. Enjoy.

I heard you singing and praising the river goddess (Onishe) as your mother, do you believe in Christianity or going to church?

We can’t start without praying and sing­ing praises to our mother, the river goddess (Onishe Ahaba) Nne is giving me food 24 hours, everyday because I am sand dealer. My dredger machine is inside the river Niger, Onishe is protecting it and giving me money every day. So I worship her traditionally and spiritually. I am a cultural woman from origin, inspired by my father. Nne, has done alot for us. She doesn’t kill or hurt. Anything we ask from her, must come to us. Nne, is a woman of peace. She is our first mother. She fights for us and protects us. Talking about the church, many say they are going to church but they are wicked and heartless. They kill and hurt but Onishe worshippers are not like that. I am a traditional worshipper and I am proud to be one.

What does it take to be a member of your dance team?

It takes passion. I have been dancing for over 40 years. If I see a very good talented person, I call them up or they come to me and we try and work it out and they realize how much they have to train to be part of us and that is how we become a group. We travel to all part of the country to dance not just in Anioma communities.

On a parting note, not everyone believes in traditional and spiritual dance moves, How best can you describe it’s meaning?

Dance is a freeform, it still builds on existing traditions before it and constantly transforms into shades of beautiful art form in time and space. For instance, hip-hop dancers, from time to time, appropriate some traditional moves into their dance exhibitions. On the other hand, health-wise, dance acts as a recre­ational activity, blowing off steam of mundane activities, enhancing its recreational values. Despite the mainstream nature of dances, not all dances styles follow that pattern, for they bring to bear the cultural sensibilities, reli­gious and belief systems of society. Spiritual dance is entertaining not fetish. “Egwu Amala” is one of our cultural identity. It serves as a religious and ceremonial dance that signi­fies and wields good fortune and scares off evil wandering spirits. It can be called a tool of cultural expression to convey a lot about society and to the observers. The rhythmic flow of the body can mean many things to different people dictated by the pace of the movement. There are dances of war to pump the ego of the valiant men and places like Kogi had naked women dancing as a tactical approach to subdue their opponent. There are ritualistic structured dances to appease the gods for farmers to have a fruitful season and other types of dance to initiate a process. Dance is filled with aesthetic values, making it distinct from one society to another and is shrouded in symbolism that expounds on the cultural heritage of a community accordingly being unique from one society to another. , Traditional dances affirm the belief of the system of society. It is used in the oral perfor­mance of ancient cultures as mimes to pass on myths and traditions from one generation to another.

Modified from Source

Bottom Up

  • True or False?

Example: The instructor has been dancing for over 40 years. True

  1. The instructor is also a sand dealer.
  2. It takes passion and talent to be a member of the dance team.
  3. Dance is a freeform that almost never transforms into shades of a beautiful art form in time and space.
  4. All dance styles follow the same pattern.
  5. Traditional dances are used to pass on myths and traditions from one generation to another.
  1. The instructor is also a sand dealer. True
  2. It takes passion and talent to be a member of the dance team. True
  3. Dance is a freeform that almost never transforms into shades of a beautiful art form in time and space. False
  4. All dance styles follow the same pattern. False
  5. Traditional dances are used to pass on myths and traditions from one generation to another. True

Post

  • What do you know about indigenous culture?
  • What do you think about it?
  • What is a habit you have related to culture or religion? 

Target Language

Present Perfect Continuous

We use Present Perfect Continuous to refer to actions that started in the past, continued to happen over a period of time and still continues (or ended very recently). It is formed by have/has +been + verb (ing).

Present Perfect Continuous is often combined with the time expressions: since, for, recently, lately, in the last few days, this week/month/year.

  • I’ve been working on a new project in the last few days.
  • Joan hasn’t been sleeping well lately. Being a mom is very demanding.
  • How long have you been studying English?
  • We have been going out for 6 months.

With some verbs, such as be, have and know, we stick to the Present Perfect Simple tense:

  • Marshal has been a lawyer for 10 years.
  • Ross and Chandler have known each other since college.
  • How long has Charlie had a drinking problem?

Emphatic Statements

We use phrase/noun + subject + verb to emphasize the information that follows. Emphatic statements are especially useful in written language, since we cannot use intonation for this purpose.

  • What I hate most about social media is that they create a false impression of happiness.
  • The reason why I enjoy these classes so much is that they use technology to improve the learning process.
  • What impresses me about Amy is how well she can perform under pressure.
  • Reading is definitely my favorite free time activity.

Controlled Practice

  • Match the sentence halves. There is one example.
  1. Ursula must have heard and have …

  2. Home ownership is a key source of consumer wealth, and home …

  3. Yuri, one of the DJs on the local radio …

  4. Fabio, the magician, has been mystifying his …

  5. Whinderson Nunes may have been taking …

(   ) station, has been plugging the band’s new album.

(   ) audiences for years with his amazing tricks.

(1) known that people were there, trying to succor her.

(   ) a bit of an artistic break.

(   ) values have been rising even as stock prices have tumbled.

  1. Ursula must have heard and have…

  2. Homeownership is a key source of consumer wealth, and home…

  3. Yuri, one of the DJs on the local radio…

  4. Fabio, the magician, has been mystifying his…

  5. Whinderson Nunes may have been taking…

(3) station, has been plugging the band’s new album.

(4) audiences for years with his amazing tricks.

(1) known that people were there, trying to succor her.

(5) a bit of an artistic break.

(2) values have been rising even as stock prices have tumbled.

Freer Practice

  • Use your own ideas to complete the sentences.
    • I’ve been …
    • I haven’t been …
    • Have you been …?
    • My neighbor has been …
    • My friends have been …
    • Social media has been …

Production

  • Think about the following habits. Talk about them using emphatic statements.

Example: Being late for an appointment. > What impresses me about people who are always late is …

  • Eating with mouth open.

  • Talking during movies.

  • Stretching different body parts for ten minutes.

  • Taking a nap.

  • Asking for compliments from a trusted friend or relative.

  • Worrying about things that could go wrong.

Homework

Match the sentence halves. There is one example.

  1. But as it turns out, Mom…

  2. She has been trying to detach herself from…

  3. The landlord has been getting complaints…

  4. Terrorists have been trying to get…

  5. They have been working together for…

(   ) years providing the beats for a Brazilian country singer.

(   ) about noise.

(   ) an abusive relationship.

(   ) their hands on a highly toxic chemical.

(1) may have been understating this one.

  1. But as it turns out, Mom…

  2. She has been trying to detach herself from…

  3. The landlord has been getting complaints…

  4. Terrorists have been trying to get…

  5. They have been working together for…

(5) years providing the beats for a Brazilian country singer.

(3) about noise.

(2) an abusive relationship.

(4) their hands on a highly toxic chemical.

(1) may have been understating this one.

Use the expressions to complete the sentences. There is one example.

  1. What I hate most

  2. The reason why

  3. What impresses me

(   ) _______ people texting behind the wheel.

(   ) _______  is that if you look at the subatomic level, or the quantum level, what you find is that the information processing power of nature goes up exponentially.

(   ) Allergic diseases are known to be on the increase in western populations, but _______  is not clear.

(   ) This, combined with my complete lack of intellect, is _______  I’m never seen reading in public.

(   ) Being lied to is _______.

(3) What impresses me is the richness of the order, not only the number of the friars here, but the fact that we’re found all over the world.

  1. What I hate most

  2. The reason why

  3. What impresses me

(1) What I hate most is people texting behind the wheel.

(3) What impresses me is that if you look at the subatomic level, or the quantum level, what you find is that the information processing power of nature goes up exponentially.

(2) Allergic diseases are known to be on the increase in western populations, but the reason why is not clear.

(2) This, combined with my complete lack of intellect, is the reason why I’m never seen reading in public.

(1) Being lied to is what I hate most.

(3) What impresses me is the richness of the order, not only the number of the friars here, but the fact that we’re found all over the world.

Choose the best option for each sentence.

Example: There would / was be more food if we stopped eating. > There would be more food if we stopped eating.

  1. This is the reason / reasons why beauty is to all creatures an object of appetency, desire and love.
  2. What impresses me are / is his uncanny expertise on the topic of game and quiz shows.
  3. What impresses / impreses me about Clara is her courage.
  4. She talks to the photographer, clearly annoyed that he haven’t / hasn’t been taking more pictures.
  5. Take a bus or taxi home or get a lift with a friend who hasn’t been have drinks / drinking.
  1. This is the reason why beauty is to all creatures an object of appetency, desire and love.
  2. What impresses me is his uncanny expertise on the topic of game and quiz shows.
  3. What impresses me about Clara is her courage.
  4. She talks to the photographer, clearly annoyed that he hasn’t been taking more pictures.
  5. Take a bus or taxi home or get a lift with a friend who hasn’t been drinking.

Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

Example: Has / faking / he / been > He has been faking.

  1. would / time / He / have / what / must / I / about / known / arrive.
  2. a / number / in / struggling / Landowners / the / molehills. / an / epidemic / explosion / have / been / mole / to / of / has / which / resulted / in / control
  3. buildings / with / Molotov / offices. / some / been / have / and / schools, / firebombing / cocktails, / people / political / party / Armed / government
  4. telling / today? / you / yourself / have / stories / great / And / been / what
  5. time / been / at / have / you / Where / behind / school? / that / lingering, / are / you
  1. He must have known about what time I would arrive.
  2. Landowners have been struggling to control a mole epidemic which has resulted in an explosion in the number of molehills.
  3. Armed with Molotov cocktails, some people have been firebombing schools, government buildings and political party offices.
  4. And what great stories have you been telling yourself today?
  5. Where have you been lingering, that you are behind time at school?

Find and correct the mistakes.

  1. Davi has being talking about leadership.
  2. Anitta has been talking politices again.
  3. He could has been walking himself through dress rehearsal.
  4. Both committees has been studying the student loan business.
  5. We met in Fortaleza in 2004 and have been sent each other stuff ever since.
  1. Davi has been talking about leadership.
  2. Anitta has been talking politics again.
  3. He could have been walking himself through dress rehearsal.
  4. Both committees have been studying the student loan business.
  5. We met in Fortaleza in 2004 and have been sending each other stuff ever since.

Writing

Write a short text about things you have been doing this year.

Example: Since february I have been going to the gym and…