Nauseous

Lead-in

  • Is there food that always makes you feel nauseous? Which one? Is there a story behind it?
  • What was the last time you felt nauseated? What was the reason?

Presentation

Pre

  • Have you ever had food poisoning?
  • Have you ever eaten food that has gone past the eat-by (expiry date)?
    • If so, what happened?
    • If not, do you always check the expiry date before buying products?
  • What is something you think would be o.k. to eat if it was past the expiry date?

Top Down

  • What is the main subject of the text? Read it and find out.
  1. Food poisoning and its causes and symptoms.
  2. Nausea and its causes and symptoms.
  1. Digestive disorders and their causes and symptoms.
  2. Unhealthy eating and its consequences.
  1. Food poisoning and its causes and symptoms.
  2. Nausea and its causes and symptoms.
  1. Digestive disorders and their causes and symptoms.
  2. Unhealthy eating and its consequences.

Several conditions can cause nausea, including stress, anxiety, infections, motion sickness, and many more. Occasional temporary nausea is also common but typically not cause for concern.
Nausea is a sensation that makes a person feel they need to vomit. Sometimes, individuals with nausea do vomit, but not always.

What can cause nausea?

There are many triggers for nausea. Some common causes include:

  • stress or anxiety
  • motion sickness
  • pregnancy
  • phobias
  • migraine
  • food poisoning
  • viruses, such as influenza (flu) or norovirus (stomach flu)
  • certain medications, such as hormonal contraceptives or beta-blockers
  • problems with the inner ear, such as labyrinthitis or vestibular neuritis
  • thyroid disorders

Food poisoning or stomach flu

Gastrointestinal infections, such as those caused by food poisoning or viruses, are among the most common reasons for nausea.

Symptoms may include:

  • nausea
  • stomach pain or cramping
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea

Food poisoning occurs when a person ingests food or drink containing a virus, toxin, or bacterium, such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Other gastrointestinal viruses, such as norovirus or rotavirus, occur due to close contact with someone who is sick. These infections usually clear up on their own at home. Drinking enough fluids and electrolytes is important for preventing dehydration, particularly in young children.

Digestive disorders

  • Gastritis: Acid or a bacterium called H. pylori often cause inflammation of the stomach, which can lead to stomach ulcers.
  • Gastroparesis: With this condition, the stomach empties much slower than it should. Certain medications or nerve damage usually cause this, which is common in people with diabetes.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease: Triggers chronic acid reflux and indigestion.
  • Celiac disease: An autoimmune condition that causes symptoms in response to gluten.

Modified from Source

Bottom Up

  • True or False?

Example: The text mentions symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting. True

  1. Food poisoning and stomach flu are the same things, according to the text.
  2. Cramping is a common reason for nausea.
  3. According to the text, contraceptives in general can cause nausea.
  4. Gastritis can be caused by a bacterium called H. pylori.
  5. Celiac disease: An autoimmune disease that causes symptoms in response to gluten.
  1. Food poisoning and stomach flu are the same things, according to the text. False
  2. Cramping is a common reason for nausea. False
  3. According to the text, contraceptives in general can cause nausea. False
  4. Gastritis can be caused by a bacterium called H. pylori. True
  5. Celiac disease: An autoimmune disease that causes symptoms in response to gluten. True

Post

  • What do you know about the digestive disorders mentioned in the text?
  • Have you ever suffered from one of them? 

Target Language

Ailments & Accidents

I’ve…

  • broken my arm
  • sprained my ankle, now it’s swollen
  • pulled a muscle
  • cut my finger
  • hurt my back

I have (got)…

  • a stiff neck
  • a bit of a cold
  • a bit of a fever
  • diarrhea
  • a (nasty) rash on my armpit.
  • a (splitting) headache
  • an upset stomach

I feel…

  • nauseous
  • all blocked up
  • a cold coming on, my throat is sore
  • dizzy

Controlled Practice

  • Match the sentence halves. There is one example.

  1. If those measures had have been in place my Jakey might

  2. They release tiny hairs which can cause a severe

  3. I had a few dizzy spells and moments

  4. Left-arm wrist spinner Adams pulled a

  5. Bruises, sprained wrists and ankles, and dislocated

  6. I’m a bit fluey and blocked up this week but

(   ) shoulders are not uncommon for a breaker.

(   ) muscle between his groin and hip and will be out of action for at least 10 days.

(   ) never the less glad to be here.

(   ) of acute nausea but gradually began to feel better.

(   ) rash if they come into contact with a person’s skin.

(1) have only had a broken leg or a broken arm and we’d have been here with him today.

  1. If those measures had have been in place my Jakey might

  2. They release tiny hairs which can cause a severe

  3. I had a few dizzy spells and moments

  4. Left-arm wrist spinner Adams pulled a

  5. Bruises, sprained wrists and ankles, and dislocated

  6. I’m a bit fluey and blocked up this week bu

(5) shoulders are not uncommon for a breaker.

(4) muscle between his groin and hip and will be out of action for at least 10 days.

(6) never the less glad to be here.

(3) of acute nausea but gradually began to feel better.

(2) rash if they come into contact with a person’s skin.

(1) have only had a broken leg or a broken arm and we’d have been here with him today.

Freer Practice

  • Complete the sentences according to your own ideas.
    • If you are nauseous, it might have been…
    • She was feeling dizzy, it must be…
    • My kid has a broken finger and we don’t know when it happened. It can’t have…
    • When I have a fever I always think that it might…
    • I pulled a muscle once and…
    • Let me tell you something, if you feel/have… you need to…

Production

  • Look at the pictures and talk about them using the modal verbs must, might, or can (not) + have + past participle to make deductions about the past.

Example: In the first picture, the woman looks nauseated and it might have been something she ate.

Homework

Match the diseases to their meanings. There is one example.

  1. Asthma

  2. Eczema

  3. Tuberculosis

  4. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

  5. Mumps

(   ) A viral infection that primarily affects saliva-producing (salivary) glands that are located near your ears

(   ) A common children’s virus causing sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet.

(   ) An infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules in the tissues, especially the lungs.

(   ) A medical condition in which patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with blisters that cause itching and bleeding, sometimes resulting from a reaction to irritation.

(1) A respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It usually results from an allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity.

  1. Asthma

  2. Eczema

  3. Tuberculosis

  4. Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

  5. Mumps

(5) A viral infection that primarily affects saliva-producing (salivary) glands that are located near your ears

(4) A common children’s virus causing sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet.

(3) An infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules in the tissues, especially the lungs.

(2) A medical condition in which patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with blisters that cause itching and bleeding, sometimes resulting from a reaction to irritation.

(1) A respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It usually results from an allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity.

Match the collocations with their respective definitions.

  1. To be open to criticism
  2. To be under attack
  3. To mean it 
  4. To mean it as
  5. To put someone down
  6. To take something to heart
  7. To think someone has a point
  8. To walk away from (a debate)
  • To agree with a person’s specific argument
  • To avoid a situation because it’s difficult to deal with or does not give you any advantages
  • To feel upset about something someone said about you
  • To say something seriously
  • To criticize people in public to make them feel stupid or inferior
  • To be strongly criticized
  • To say or write something with a specific intention
  • To be prepared to listen to people’s negative opinions
  1. To be open to criticism
  2. To be under attack
  3. To mean it 
  4. To mean it as
  5. To put someone down
  6. To take something to heart
  7. To think someone has a point
  8. To walk away from (a debate)
  1. To be prepared to listen to people’s negative opinions
  2. To be strongly criticized
  3. To say something seriously
  4. To say or write something with a specific intention
  5. To criticize people in public to make them feel stupid or inferior
  6. To feel upset about something someone said about you
  7. To agree with a person’s specific argument
  8. To avoid a situation because it’s difficult to deal with or does not give you any advantages

Using the expressions from the previous exercise, complete the sentences.

Example: When I said I loved him I meant it as platonic love.

  1. She told me she was crazy to express her point, that’s why I couldn’t understand when she ______________.
  2. I’ll never understand why people insist on __________________. It is so embarrassing passing through this kind of situation.
  3. Marie needs therapy! Every little thing someone says to her she ___________________.
  4. Did you warn the employees about the feedback session today? They need to be ______________.
  5. Chris told Kevin yesterday he changed his mind. Maybe he _____________________.
  1. She told me she was crazy to express her point, that’s why I couldn’t understand when she walked away from the debate.
  2. I’ll never understand why people insist on put others down. It is so embarrassing passing through this kind of situation.
  3. Marie needs therapy! Every little thing someone says to her she takes it to heart.
  4. Did you warn the employees about the feedback session today? They need to be open for criticism.
  5. Chris told Kevin yesterday he changed his mind. Maybe he thinks someone has a point.

Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

Example: very / Dave / to / criticism / doesn’t be / open / seem / to > Dave doesn’t seem to be very open to criticism.

  1. on / we / usually / each / don’t / other / Mondays / see
  2. might / In / you / try / future / to / the / more / little / a / polite / be
  3. shouldn’t / you / offended / be / mean / it / compliment / a / they / as
  4. feel / am / when / I / stand / honest / people / they / because / being / under / can’t / are / just / I / attack.
  5. down / their / It’s / put / not / to / because / people / nice / looks / of
  1. We don’t usually see each other on Mondays.
  2. In the future you might try to be a little more polite.
  3. You shouldn’t be offended. They mean it as a compliment.
  4. I can’t stand when people feel they are under attack just because I am being honest.
  5. It’s not nice to put people down because of their looks.

Which sentences are wrong?

  1. Why you always take what he says for heart?

  2. I mean what I say last night.

  3. Euclides mean that he said as a serious statement, not a joke.

  4. If things get loud, just walks away from the debate.

  5. It’s hard to admit this, but I think you have valid point.

  1. Why do you always take what he says to heart?

  2. I meant what I said last night.

  3. Euclides meant what he said as a serious statement, not a joke.

  4. If things get loud, just walk away from the debate.

  5. It’s hard to admit this, but I think you have a valid point.

Writing

Write a letter to a friend who needs the tips on taking criticism gracefully. Remember to use as much of the Target Language as possible.